个人根据相关资料实现利用SpringMVC和Ajax实现文件上传功能：
环境：
1.JDK1.7
2.maven3.3.9
3.Tomcat7
第一步：
导入相关jar包：
第二步：
配置springmvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lc" />
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!--上传文件的最大大小 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="17367648787"></property>
<!-- 上传文件的编码 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
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第三步：
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>fileupload</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!--Springmvc的控制分发器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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第四步：
新建一个Controller类，并实现文件上传的功能
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.json.Json;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject;
@Controller
public class FileUploadController {
@RequestMapping(value = "index", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,
HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, String> modelMap = new HashMap<>();
if (!file.isEmpty()) {
String storePath = "E://images";
Random r = new Random();
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
String[] split = fileName.split(".jpg");
fileName = split[0] + r.nextInt(1000);
fileName = fileName + ".jpg";
File filePath = new File(storePath, fileName);
if (!filePath.getParentFile().exists()) {
filePath.getParentFile().mkdirs();// 如果目录不存在，则创建目录
}
try {
file.transferTo(new File(storePath + File.separator + fileName));// 把文件写入目标文件地址
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
modelMap.put("back", "error");
String json = JSON.toJSONString(modelMap);
return json;
}
modelMap.put("back", "success");
} else {
modelMap.put("back", "error");
}
String json = JSON.toJSONString(modelMap);
return json;
}
}
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第五步：
在WEB-INF下，新建一个pages文件夹，并创建实现文件上传的jsp或者HTML文件（我使用的是jsp）：
在index.jsp下写入相关的ajax的方法，在使用ajax之前必须先导入js库。
<body>
<form id="uploadForm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file">
</form>
<br>
<input type="button" id="upload" value="上传">
</body>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
$('#upload').click(function() {
var formData = new FormData($('#uploadForm')[0]);
$.ajax({
type : 'POST',
url : 'upload',
data : formData,
cache : false,
processData : false,
contentType : false,
}).success(function(data) {
var result = JSON.parse(data);
alert(result.back);
}).error(function() {
alert("上传失败");
});
});
});
</script>
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第六步：进行测试
上传文件
上传成功
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